西洋 / The Roman Empire and Christianity 5 / 6

Summary: The Historical Significance of the Roman Empire

The Course of the Roman Empire

Founded in 753 BCE (legendary) → monarchy → republic (from 509 BCE) → empire (from 27 BCE)
The Pax Romana reached its height during the era of the Five Good Emperors (96–180 CE)
Crisis of the 3rd century (era of soldier emperors) → division
Christianity officially recognized in 313 CE → made the state religion in 392 CE
Division into East and West in 395 CE → fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE
The Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire continued until 1453

State the emperors who ruled during the era of the Five Good Emperors and whose reigns represented the beginning and the height of Rome's largest territory.
What did the Romans call the Mediterranean Sea? State its meaning as well.
Explain why the fall of the Western Roman Empire is considered a major turning point in world history.

Beginning: Augustus; height: Emperor Trajan (largest territory)
"Mare Nostrum (Our Sea)." The entire Mediterranean region was under Roman rule
A turning point from antiquity to the Middle Ages. Germanic states emerged, and the medieval world of Western Europe began

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