Performance comparison: which is faster?
Radeon RX 580 (AMD, 2017) and Radeon R9 290X (AMD, 2014) are compared here. Compare scores and VRAM, generative AI usability, and CPUs that pair well with each GPU.
Overall performance: RX 580 is about 15.4% faster
For generative AI, the higher-VRAM RX 580（8GB） has the advantage. For gaming, prioritize performance score and CPU compatibility; for AI, prioritize VRAM.
Relative performance score (higher is faster). Actual fps varies by resolution, game, and CPU configuration.
| Item | RX 580 | R9 290X |
|---|---|---|
| Performance Score | 7,500 | 6,500 |
| VRAM | 8GB | 4GB |
| Manufacturer | AMD | AMD |
| Series | RX 5000 | R9 |
| Release Year | 2017 | 2014 |
| Compatible CPU Example | Core i5-3570K | AMD Phenom II X6 1090T |
These generative AI models can run on only one GPU because of the VRAM difference (Stable Diffusion, Flux, LLMs, and others).
— None (all models that run on RX 580 also run here)
| If You Want To... | Recommended |
|---|---|
| Prioritize high fps and smooth performance in demanding games | RX 580 |
| Run larger generative AI and LLM models | RX 580 |
| Prioritize value and adequate performance | R9 290X (the lower model is often sufficient) |
RX 580 is about 15.4% higher by score (RX 580: 7500 points / R9 290X: 6500 points). Actual fps also varies by resolution, game, and CPU, so price is a reasonable deciding factor when the gap is only a few percent.
RX 580 has 8GB of VRAM, while R9 290X has 4GB; RX 580 has more. If image generation or a local LLM is even a possibility, the higher-VRAM option provides more room.
Using our guideline, Core i5-3570K pairs well with RX 580 and AMD Phenom II X6 1090T with R9 290X (CPU:GPU ≈ 0.9:1). If the CPU is too weak, replacing the GPU may not raise fps, so check the combination before buying.
→ RX 580 Details ／ R9 290X Details ／ Compare Another Combination
