Best GPUs for this CPU, bottleneck check, and compatible graphics cards
AMD EPYC 9654 / AMD made / EPYC / Released 2023 Also known as: 9654 / EPYC9654
AMD EPYC 9654 (AMD, released in 2023, also listed as 9654 / EPYC9654) is a CPU with a performance score of 155,000, 96C / 192T, TDP 360W. If GPU compatibility and performance balance are poor, a Bottleneck occurs, preventing the GPU or CPU from reaching its full potential. In our estimate, the GPU that pairs best with AMD EPYC 9654 is GeForce RTX 5050 (estimated bottleneck: about 0%). Below are the top 10 compatible GPUs and a guide to GPUs to avoid.
GPUs are ordered by proximity to the ideal CPU:GPU ratio of 0.9:1. A lower bottleneck percentage means the combination can use more of its performance.
AMD EPYC 9654 is a server/workstation CPU. These estimates use assumptions that differ from ordinary gaming systems.
If you want higher graphics settings or plan to keep the PC for years, you can pick a GPU one step stronger. AMD EPYC 9654 will fall slightly behind (a bottleneck of 10% or less), but a later CPU upgrade will let the GPU run at full strength.
The Bottleneck Checker opens with AMD EPYC 9654 already selected.
AMD EPYC 9654 (9654 / EPYC9654) has a performance score of 155,000 points. Using the same CPU:GPU ≈ 0.9:1 standard as the checker, compatibility by GPU score is shown below.
| GPU Score to Pair | Rating | What It Means |
|---|---|---|
| Below 12,222 points | GPU Too Weak | The GPU is too weak for this CPU. Some of AMD EPYC 9654 performance remains unused (e.g., GeForce GTX 1080、GeForce RTX 2060、GeForce GTX 1070 Ti) |
| 12,222–20,370 points | Great Match: 10% or Less | Optimal balance. Both CPU and GPU can deliver nearly full performance (ideal: about 18,333 pts) |
| 20,370–24,444 points | Acceptable: 10–25% | The GPU is somewhat strong. This is practical, but the CPU may hold it back under heavy load. |
| Over 24,444 points | CPU Bottleneck: Over 25% | The GPU is too powerful for AMD EPYC 9654 to use fully (e.g., GeForce RTX 3080、GeForce RTX 3080 12GB、Radeon RX 6950 XT、GeForce RTX 3080 Ti) |
Note: Perceived results vary by resolution and game (GPU matters more at 4K, while CPU matters more at high-fps Full HD). For an exact estimate, use the Bottleneck Checker.
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These CPUs have similar performance scores and may be useful replacement or comparison candidates.
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Our estimate finds that GeForce RTX 5050 offers the best balance, with an estimated bottleneck of about 0%. A CPU-to-GPU performance ratio near 0.9:1 tends to use both parts effectively. See the top 10 compatible GPUs in the table on this page.
Pairing AMD EPYC 9654 with a powerful GPU scoring over 24,444 points (for example, GeForce RTX 3080、GeForce RTX 3080 12GB、Radeon RX 6950 XT、GeForce RTX 3080 Ti) is likely to create a CPU bottleneck above 25%.Conversely, a GPU below 12,222 points（例: GeForce GTX 1080、GeForce RTX 2060、GeForce GTX 1070 Ti） leaves some of AMD EPYC 9654 performance unused.
AMD EPYC 9654 has 96 cores and 192 threads.Its base clock is 2.4GHz and maximum boost clock is 3.7GHz.The socket is SP5.
AMD EPYC 9654 has a TDP of 360W. As a guideline, choose a power supply that covers the CPU TDP plus GPU power draw, with additional headroom.
Its performance score is 155,000 points. CPU–GPU balance matters for games, while core count (96C / 192T) matters for video editing and AI preprocessing. Check the top 10 GPUs above for your use case. GPU VRAM is the main factor for running generative AI, so also see each GPU detail page.
